FIR

Definition

A First Information Report (FIR) is a written document prepared by police upon receiving information about a cognizable offence. It sets the criminal law in motion and is the starting point for police investigation. Under Section 173 of BNSS 2023, every police station must register an FIR for a cognizable offence reported to it.

हिंदी में (Hindi)

FIR वह दस्तावेज है जो पुलिस किसी संज्ञेय अपराध की सूचना मिलने पर लिखती है। यह पुलिस जांच की शुरुआत है।

Example

If your mobile phone is stolen, you can go to the nearest police station and file an FIR. If police refuse, you can file a complaint to the SP, or directly approach a magistrate under Section 175 BNSS.

Relevant Laws & Sections

• Section 173, Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS), 2023
• Section 154, Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC) [superseded]

Common Questions

Can police refuse to file an FIR?

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No. Under Section 173 BNSS, police are legally bound to register an FIR for a cognizable offence. If they refuse, you can: (1) Send complaint to Superintendent of Police, (2) File a complaint before a Magistrate under Section 175 BNSS, (3) File a writ petition in High Court.

What is a Zero FIR?

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A Zero FIR is an FIR filed at any police station regardless of jurisdiction. The police station that receives it must register it and transfer it to the appropriate police station. This was made mandatory by the Supreme Court to prevent delays in registering FIRs.

Related Terms